Hierarchy of needs Maslow
If
the motivation is motivated by the existence of unmet needs, then it is worth
of a Manager to understand what needs are most important for each employee. In
this regard, Abraham Maslow developed a model of what basic needs, low level
such as the physiological needs and security must be met before the needs of
higher level such as personal development are pursued. In this hierarchical
model, when a need is met mainly is no longer motivates and the other need more
took his place. Hierarchy of needs Maslow is illustrated in the following
diagram:
Hierarchy
of needs Maslow
Physiological needs
Physiological needsPhysiological needsPhysiological needsPhysiological
needs are those that are necessary for life, such as:
air water food sleep
The
theory of Maslow, if these needs are not met then motivation will result in the
quest to satisfy. Most needs such as self-esteem and social needs are not felt
until it responded to the basic needs of his body functioning.
Security
Once
the physiological needs, attention turns to the safety and security in order to
be free from the threat of physical and emotional harm. These requirements may
be fulfilled by:
Living in a security zone
Health insurance
to Maslow's hierarchy, if a person feels that he or she is in danger, more a
need does not receive much attention.
Social needs
Once
a person has reached the lower level physiological and security needs, higher
level should become important, the first of them are social needs. Social needs
are those which relate to the interaction with other people and may include:
Need friendsNeed to belongNeed to give and receive loveSelf-esteem
Once
a person feels a sense of 'belonging', arises the need to feel important.
Self-esteem needs can be classified as internal or external. Internal self
esteem needs are those related to self-esteem like me respect and realization.
External self esteem needs are those such as recognition and social status.
Certain needs for self-esteem are:
Self respect Achievement Attention Recognition ReputationMaslow
later refined his model to include a level of esteem and self-actualization
needs: the need for knowledge and aesthetics.
Self-realization
Self-realization
is at the top of the hierarchy of needs Maslow. It is the quest to reach his
full potential as a person. In contrast to the lower level needs, this need is
never fully satisfied; as one student psychologically there are always new
opportunities continue to grow.
Updated
people tend to have needs such as:
The truth Justice Wisdom MeaningUpdated
self people have frequent peak experiences, which are energized by the moments
of deep happiness and harmony. According to Maslow, only a small percentage of
the population has reached the level of self-realization.
Implications
for management
If
Maslow theory holds, there are important implications for management. There are
opportunities to motivate employees through the style of management, job
design, events and company earnings, a few examples that follow:
Physiological
needs: provide meal breaks, breaks and wages which are sufficient to buy the
essential elements of life.
Security needs:
provide an environment of safe work, retirement benefits and job
security.
Social needs:
create a sense of community through team projects and social activities.
Self-esteem
needs: recognise the achievements to sensitize employees feel appreciated and
valued. Offer of job titles that convey the importance of the position.
Self-realization:
provide employees a challenge and the opportunity to reach their full
professional potential.
However,
not all people are driven by the same needs - at any time, different people can
be motivated by very different factors. It is important to understand the
requirements sought by each employee. To motivate an employee, the Manager must
be able to recognize the needs level at which the employee is operating and use
these needs as levers of motivation.
Limitations
of Maslow's hierarchy
While
Maslow's hierarchy is logical from the intuitive point of view
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