Translation Method
Answer: translation method
This is the most popular in schools in Pakistan. Is learning
English through translation. The words , phrases and sentences in the foreign
language becomes the language.
Translation method process..
( 1) Start with simple nouns .
In the method of translation , teaching begins with simple
everyday words like the direct method. In should develop vocabulary and
pronunciation sound start .
(2) Simple structures .
In the second stage , the teacher should introduce simple
structures like "This is " , " etc. Here, the structure must be
translated into language. After students should e encouraged to form structures
themselves.
(3) The teaching of grammar
In the method of teaching grammar translation goes along
with the teaching of the structures. Concepts of nouns , pronouns , adjectives,
etc ... rinsed with the help of the mother tongue.
(4 ) The emphasis on reading and writing.
To achieve proficiency in spoken language , should be
emphasis on reading and writing. The reading fluency would help in the speech.
Writing is also important for learning a foreign language. After learning some
meaningful words students should do internships in the writing of these words ,
reading must always be followed in writing.
( 5 ) The translation and retranslation
The conversion begins with the translation of simple words
and simple sentences then the teacher should proceed from simple to complex
sentences. Translation and back-translation is also powerful to achieve mastery
of the language , if the teacher uses this tool skillfully.
Direct and Indirect
Speech
We can tell something said by someone else in two ways ,
either repeat his / her words or we convey the same meaning in our own words.
The first communication mode is called a direct address and the later is known
as the indirect .
Direct speech :
He said : "I am very angry."
( Indirect Speech )
He said he was very angry .
In the case of direct speech , each sentence has two parts ;
i . Talks Playing ii . Indirect Style
The words given outside the quotes form the reporting speech
and the words within quotation marks are reported speech .
Rules for change of
expression.
The conversion from direct to indirect speech is according
to the following rules .
Changing the verb:
i . The verb in reported speech is modified taking into
account the time reporting speech . If the reporting discourse uses the present
or future tense , the verb in reported speech remains unchanged .
ii . If the verb in the reporting speech is in the past
tense , the verb in reported speech also changes in the past tense .
She says " I'm late " .
She says it's late.
Changes communicated verbs :
Reported verbs always follow the reporting verb . According
to the rule of sequence of tenses of a verb following changes to my place to
take reports .
The change of pronouns :
Pronouns are changed as follows
i . First- person pronouns ( I, me, mine, mine , we , our,
us, etc ... ) in indirect are changed to match the theme of the speech
reporting.
ii . The second person pronouns in reported speech is changed
to match the object or reporting speech addresses .
iii . The third person pronouns in indirect remains
uncharged .
iv . There is no change in the pronouns of speech reporting
.
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